Editing Atlanta (section)

==Demographics==
===Population===
{{Main|Demographics of Atlanta}}
{{See also|Religion in Atlanta|Hispanic and Latino communities in Metro Atlanta|History of the Jews in Atlanta}}
{{US Census population
|1850= 2572
|1860= 9554
|1870= 21789
|1880= 37409
|1890= 65533
|1900= 89872
|1910= 154839
|1920= 200616
|1930= 270366
|1940= 302288
|1950= 331314
|1960= 487455
|1970= 495039
|1980= 425022
|1990= 394017
|2000= 416474
|2010= 420003
|2020= 498715
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="census1"/><br />2010–2020<ref name="QuickFacts"/>
|align-fn=center
}}
{| class="wikitable sortable collapsible" style="font-size: 90%;"
|-
! Racial composition 
!2020<ref name=atl1020>{{cite web|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?g=1600000US1304000&y=2020&d=DEC%20Redistricting%20Data%20%28PL%2094-171%29&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2|title=Explore Census Data|publisher=data.census.gov|access-date=June 23, 2022}}</ref>!! 2010<ref name=atl1020/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_14_1YR_B03002&prodType=table |title=Atlanta (city), Georgia |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200214011041/http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_14_1YR_B03002&prodType=table |archive-date=February 14, 2020 |url-status=dead }}</ref> !! 1990<ref name="census1" /> !! 1970<ref name="census1" /> !! 1940<ref name="census1" />
|-
|[[African American|Black or African American]] 
|46.7%||54.0% ||70.1% ||54.3% ||39.6%
|-
|[[White American|White (Non-Hispanic)]] 
|38.5%||38.4% ||21.0% ||39.4% ||65.4%
|-
|[[Asian American|Asian]] 
|4.5%||3.9%||2.0% ||0.9% ||0.1%
|-
|[[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]] (of any race) 
|6.0%||5.2% ||1.5% ||1.2% ||n/a
|}

The [[2020 United States census]] reported that Atlanta had a population of 498,715. The [[population density]] was 3,685.45 persons per [[square mile]] (1,422.95/[[square kilometer|km<sup>2</sup>]]). The racial makeup and population of Atlanta was 51.0% Black or African American, 40.9% White, 4.2% Asian and 0.3% Native American, and 1.0% from other races. 2.4% of the population reported [[Multiracial Americans|two or more races]].<ref>{{cite web|title=U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: Atlanta city, Georgia|url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/atlantacitygeorgia#qf-headnote-a|access-date=2022-01-06|website=www.census.gov|language=en}}</ref> Hispanics of any race made up 6.0% of the city's population.<ref name="AtlCensus">{{cite web |url=http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml |title=Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010" (Select Atlanta (city), Georgia) |publisher=US Census Bureau |access-date=October 28, 2014 }}</ref> The median income for a household in the city was $66,657.<ref>{{cite web |title=INCOME IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS (IN 2019 INFLATION-ADJUSTED DOLLARS) |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=Income%20and%20Poverty&g=1600000US1304000&tid=ACSST1Y2019.S1901&moe=false |access-date=2022-03-03 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> The per capita income for the city was $54,414.<ref>{{cite web |title=PER CAPITA INCOME IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS (IN 2019 INFLATION-ADJUSTED DOLLARS) |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=B19301:%20PER%20CAPITA%20INCOME%20IN%20THE%20PAST%2012%20MONTHS%20(IN%202019%20INFLATION-ADJUSTED%20DOLLARS)&g=1600000US1304000&tid=ACSDT1Y2019.B19301 |access-date=2022-03-03 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> 20.2% percent of the population was living below the [[Poverty threshold|poverty line]].<ref>{{cite web |title=POVERTY STATUS IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=Income%20and%20Poverty&g=1600000US1304000&tid=ACSST1Y2019.S1701 |access-date=2022-03-03 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref>

[[File:Race and ethnicity 2010- Atlanta (5559880279).png|thumb|left|Map of racial distribution in Atlanta, 2010 U.S. Census. Each dot is 25 people: {{legend inline|outline=white|white|text=⬤|textcolor=#ff0000|White}} {{legend inline|outline=white|white|text=⬤|textcolor=#0000ff|Black}} {{legend inline|outline=white|white|text=⬤|textcolor=#00ffaa|Asian}} {{legend inline|outline=white|white|text=⬤|textcolor=#ffa600|Hispanic}} {{legend inline|outline=white|white|text=⬤|textcolor=#ffff07|Other}}]]

In the 1920s, the black population began to grow in Southern metropolitan cities like Atlanta, [[Birmingham, Alabama|Birmingham]], [[Houston]], and [[Memphis, Tennessee|Memphis]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.pbs.org/wnet/african-americans-many-rivers-to-cross/history/on-african-american-migrations/|title=The African-American Migration Story|website=PBS ([[WNET]])|date=2013|access-date=November 7, 2020}}</ref> In the 2010 Census, Atlanta was recorded as the nation's fourth-largest majority-black city. The [[New Great Migration]] brought an insurgence of African Americans from [[California]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2004-may-24-me-migration24-story.html|title=In a Reverse Migration, Blacks Head to New South|last=Arax|first=Mark|website=Los Angeles Times|date=May 24, 2004|access-date=November 7, 2020}}</ref> and the [[Northern United States|North]] to the Atlanta area.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://lawrencemigration.phillipscollection.org/culture/migration-map|website=[[The Phillips Collection]]|title=The Migration Series: African American Migration Patterns|access-date=November 7, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.brookings.edu/research/the-rise-of-black-majority-cities/|title=The rise of black-majority cities|last1=Harshabrger|first1=David|last2=Perry|first2=Andre M.|website=The Brookings Institution|date=February 26, 2019|access-date=November 7, 2020}}</ref> It has long been known as a center of African-American political power, education, economic prosperity, and culture, often called a [[black mecca]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ajc.com/atlanta-weather/a-champion-for-atlanta-maynard-jackson-black-mecca-burgeoned-under-leader/E7QREDVYH5AKXFDZOVK7ZO2XZA/|title=A CHAMPION FOR ATLANTA: Maynard Jackson: 'Black mecca' burgeoned under leader|last1=Poole|first1=Shelia|last2=Paul|first2=Peralte|website=The Atlanta Journal-Constitution|date=June 29, 2003|access-date=June 4, 2021}}</ref><ref>"the city that calls itself America's 'Black Mecca{{Single+double}} in "Atlanta Is Less Than Festive on Eve of Another 'Freaknik{{Single+double}}, ''Washington Post'', April 18, 1996</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Severson|first=Kim|date=2011-11-26|title=Stars Flock to Atlanta, Reshaping a Center of Black Culture|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/11/26/us/atlanta-emerges-as-a-center-of-black-entertainment.html|access-date=2022-01-06|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Some middle and upper class [[African Americans in Atlanta|African-American residents of Atlanta]] followed an influx of whites to newer housing and public schools in the suburbs in the early 21st century. From 2000 to 2010, the city's black population decreased by 31,678 people, shrinking from 61.4% of the city's population in 2000 to 54.0% in 2010, as the overall population expanded and migrants increased from other areas.<ref name="blogs.ajc.com"/>

At the same time, the white population of Atlanta has increased. Between 2000 and 2010, the proportion of whites in the city had notable growth. In that decade, Atlanta's white population grew from 31% to 38% of the city's population, an absolute increase of 22,753 people, more than triple the increase that occurred between 1990 and 2000.<ref>{{cite web|last=Gurwitt |first=Rob |url=http://www.governing.com/topics/politics/Atlanta-and-the-Urban.html |title=Atlanta and the Urban Future|work=[[Governing (magazine)|Governing]]|publisher=Governing.com |date=July 1, 2008 |access-date=February 2, 2017}}</ref>

Early immigrants in the Atlanta area were mostly [[American Jews|Jews]] and [[Greek Americans|Greeks]]. Since 1970, the Hispanic immigrant population, especially Mexicans, has experienced the most rapid growth, particularly in Gwinnett, Cobb, and DeKalb counties.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.asanet.org/sites/default/files/savvy/footnotes/mayjun10/am_050610.html|title=The Past and Present of Immigration in Atlanta|last1=Adelman|first1=Robert M.|last2=Jaret|first2=Charles|date=2010|website=American Sociological Association|access-date=November 7, 2020}}</ref> Since 2010, the Atlanta area has seen very notable growth with immigrants from India, China, South Korea, and Jamaica.<ref>{{Cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zByZal1b_RsC&q=atlanta+born+in+jamaica+demographic&pg=PA124 |title = African Diaspora in the United States and Canada at the Dawn of the 21st Century, the|isbn = 9781438436852|last1 = Frazier|first1 = John W.|last2 = Darden|first2 = Joe T.|last3 = Henry|first3 = Norah F.|date = September 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ajc.com/news/local/metro-atlanta-population-growth-fueled-minorities/fz4aXo7CdyhEai1RgjW8jO/|title=Metro Atlanta population growth fueled by minorities|website=AJC|date=June 24, 2019|access-date=November 7, 2020}}</ref> Other notable countries immigrants come from are Vietnam, Eritrea, Nigeria, the Arabian gulf, Ukraine and Poland.<ref>{{Cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ByeaAgAAQBAJ&q=atlanta+immigrants+eritrea+nigeria&pg=PA61 |title = The New Encyclopedia of Southern Culture: Volume 2: Geography|isbn = 9780807877210|last1 = Pillsbury|first1 = Richard|date = February 2014}}</ref> Within a few decades, and in keeping with national trends, immigrants from England, Ireland, and German-speaking central Europe were no longer the majority of Atlanta's foreign-born population. The city's Italians included immigrants from northern Italy, many of whom had been in Atlanta since the 1890s; more recent arrivals from southern Italy; and Sephardic Jews from the Isle of Rhodes, which Italy had seized from Turkey in 1912.<ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://muse.jhu.edu/article/743657|title=Toward an "Immigrant Turn" in Jewish Entrepreneurial History: A View from the New South|first=Marni|last=Davis|date=December 17, 2019|journal=American Jewish History|volume=103|issue=4|pages=429–456|via=Project MUSE|doi=10.1353/ajh.2019.0046|s2cid=213779756}}</ref>

Of the total population five years and older, 83.3% spoke only English at home, while 8.8% spoke Spanish, 3.9% another Indo-European language, and 2.8% an Asian language.<ref>U.S. Census 2008 American Community Survey</ref> 7.3% of Atlantans were born abroad ([[List of U.S. cities by foreign-born population|86th]] in the US).<ref name="AtlCensus"/><ref>{{Cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ByeaAgAAQBAJ&q=atlanta+immigrants+india+mexico+korea&pg=PA61 |title = The New Encyclopedia of Southern Culture: Volume 2: Geography|isbn = 9780807877210|last1 = Pillsbury|first1 = Richard|date = February 2014}}</ref> Atlanta's dialect has traditionally been a variation of [[Southern American English]]. The [[Chattahoochee River]] long formed a border between the [[Southern American English#Dialects|Coastal Southern]] and [[Southern American English#Dialects|Southern Appalachian]] dialects.<ref name=dyer>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qeECAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA86 |title="Tongue Twisters", ''Atlanta'' magazine|publisher=Emmis Communications |date= December 2003 |access-date=May 17, 2012}}</ref> Because of the development of corporate headquarters in the region, attracting migrants from other areas of the country, by 2003, ''[[Atlanta (magazine)|Atlanta]]'' magazine concluded that Atlanta had become significantly "de-Southernized". A Southern accent was considered a handicap in some circumstances.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=seECAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA80 |title="Too Southern for Atlanta", ''Atlanta'' magazine |publisher=Emmis Communications|date=February 2003|access-date=May 17, 2012}}</ref> In general, Southern accents are less prevalent among residents of the city and inner suburbs and among younger people; they are more common in the outer suburbs and among older people.<ref name=dyer/> At the same time, some residents of the city speak in Southern variations of [[African-American English]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Bonesteel |first=Amy |url=http://www.atlantamagazine.com/southern/atlanta-accent/ |title=Is There an Atlanta Accent? |work=Atlanta |date=November 1, 2012 |access-date=July 31, 2017}}</ref>

[[Religion in Atlanta]], while historically centered on [[Protestant Christianity]], now encompasses many faiths, as a result of the city and metro area's increasingly international population. Some 63% of residents identify as some type of Protestant,<ref>{{cite web|last=Lipka|first=Michael|title=Major U.S. metropolitan areas differ in their religious profiles|url=https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2015/07/29/major-u-s-metropolitan-areas-differ-in-their-religious-profiles/|access-date=2022-01-06|website=Pew Research Center|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.pewforum.org/2015/05/12/americas-changing-religious-landscape/ |title=America's Changing Religious Landscape |publisher=[[Pew Research Center]]: Religion & Public Life |date=May 12, 2015}}</ref> but in recent decades the [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Atlanta|Catholic Church]] has increased in numbers and influence because of new migrants to the region. Metro Atlanta also has numerous ethnic or national Christian congregations, including Korean and Indian churches. The larger non-Christian faiths are [[Judaism]], [[Islam]], and [[Hinduism]]. Overall, there are over 1,000 places of worship within Atlanta.<ref name=infoplease>{{cite web|url=http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0108481.html|title=Atlanta, Ga. |work= Information Please Database |publisher= Pearson Education, Inc |access-date=May 17, 2006}}</ref>

===Sexual orientation and gender identity===
{{See also|LGBT rights in Georgia (U.S. state)|Atlanta Pride|Atlanta Black Pride}}

Atlanta has a thriving and diverse [[LGBT|lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT)]] community. According to a 2006 survey by the [[Williams Institute on Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity Law and Public Policy|Williams Institute]], Atlanta ranked third among major American cities, behind [[San Francisco]] and slightly behind [[Seattle]], with 12.8% of the city's total population identifying as LGBT.<ref name="LGBTsurvey">{{cite web |url=http://williamsinstitute.law.ucla.edu/wp-content/uploads/Gates-Same-Sex-Couples-GLB-Pop-ACS-Oct-2006.pdf |title=Same-sex Couples and the Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual Population: New Estimates from the American Community Survey |author=Gary J. Gates |date=October 2006 |website=The Williams Institute |publisher=The Williams Institute |access-date=June 30, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130609015224/http://williamsinstitute.law.ucla.edu/wp-content/uploads/Gates-Same-Sex-Couples-GLB-Pop-ACS-Oct-2006.pdf |archive-date=June 9, 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The [[Midtown Atlanta|Midtown]] and [[Cheshire Bridge Road|Cheshire Bridge]] areas have historically been the epicenters of [[LGBT culture]] in Atlanta.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.greatamericancountry.com/places/local-life/atlanta-gay-friendly-neighborhoods|title=Atlanta Gay-Friendly Neighborhoods|website=Great American Country|last=Aguirre|first=Holly|access-date=November 7, 2020}}</ref> Atlanta formed a reputation for being a progressive place of tolerance after former mayor [[Ivan Allen Jr.]] dubbed it "the city too busy to hate" in the 1960s (referring to racial relations).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://theatlanta100.com/history/atlanta-history/2020/04/09/atlanta-too-busy-to-hate/20219|title=Atlanta: 'The City Too Busy To Hate'|website=The Atlanta 100|date=April 9, 2020|access-date=November 7, 2020|last=Thompson|first=Taylor}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ajc.com/life/preserving-atlantas-gay-history/ORUQG5KWDFF3BEASI5IZEIUE4Q/|title=Preserving Atlanta's gay history|last=Bentley|first=Rosalind|date=August 7, 2020|website=AJC|access-date=November 7, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.atlantamagazine.com/news-culture-articles/how-long-can-we-keep-cheshire-bridge-weird/|title=How long can we keep Cheshire Bridge weird?|last=Henry|first=Scott|date=August 23, 2019|website=Atlanta|access-date=November 7, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://time.com/4823041/rainbow-crosswalk-atlanta-lgbtq-pride-month/|title=This Rainbow Crosswalk Is Now a Permanent Fixture of LGBTQ Pride|last=Calfas|first=Jennifer|date=June 18, 2017|magazine=Time|access-date=November 7, 2020}}</ref>
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